🖇️

Connecting Actions: 고

Keywords
-고
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Basic Grammar
🖇️
TL;DR 🦄
  • connects actions or descriptions like and / and then.
  • Remove from the dictionary form, then add : 먹다먹고.
  • The tense usually appears on the final verb: 먹고 마셨어요 = ate and drank.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Open
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
and listen to 먹고 마셔요, 가고 와요, and 크고 좋아요.
 

🌈 The Big Picture

The connector is one of the easiest ways to connect Korean ideas. It works like and, and then, or and also, depending on the sentence.
 
Use it when you want to list:
  • two actions: 먹고 마셔요 = I eat and drink.
  • two descriptions: 크고 좋아요 = It is big and good.
  • a short routine: 공부하고 쉬어요 = I study and rest.
 
The main idea is simple: the first action or description becomes a connector, and the final verb/adjective finishes the sentence.
 

🧩 Core Pattern

Start with the dictionary form, remove , then add .
 
  • 먹다 → stem 먹고
  • 마시다 → stem 마시마시고
  • 가다 → stem 가고
  • 오다 → stem 오고
  • 공부하다 → stem 공부하공부하고
  • 크다 → stem 크고
 

🛠️ How to Build 고 Sentences

  1. Choose the first action or description: 먹다, 가다, 크다.
  1. Remove to get the stem: , , .
  1. Add : 먹고, 가고, 크고.
  1. Add the next idea and finish the sentence:
      • 밥을 먹고 물을 마셔요. = I eat rice and drink water.
      • 학교에 가고 공부해요. = I go to school and study.
      • 집이 크고 좋아요. = The house is big and good.
 

🔍 Actions vs Descriptions

can connect both action verbs and descriptive verbs.
 
Action verbs
  • 먹고 마셔요 = eat and drink
  • 읽고 공부해요 = read and study
  • 가고 와요 = go and come
 
Descriptions
  • 크고 좋아요 = big and good
  • 작고 귀여워요 = small and cute
  • 재미있고 좋아요 = interesting and good
 

🕰️ Where Tense Goes

For a simple action chain, Korean usually puts the tense on the final verb.
 
  • 밥을 먹고 물을 마셨어요. = I ate rice and drank water.
  • 책을 읽고 공부했어요. = I read and studied.
  • 집에 오고 쉬었어요. = I came home and rested.
 
This keeps the sentence smooth. The first verb uses , and the last verb carries the tense.
 

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • 먹어요고 → ✅ 먹고
  • 가요고 → ✅ 가고
  • 먹었고 마셨어요 for a simple chain → ✅ 먹고 마셨어요
  • ❌ Using for “because” → ✅ use it for and / and then, not reasons.
 

Try this exercise

Instructions
Fill each blank with , or build the correct connected form. Remember: remove , then add . 🎯
1. 밥을 먹____ 물을 마셔요.
[ba-beul meok____ mu-reul ma-syeo-yo] — I eat rice and drink water.
Answer
먹고
2. 책을 읽____ 공부해요.
[chae-geul ik____ gong-bu-hae-yo] — I read a book and study.
Answer
읽고
3. 학교에 가____ 친구를 봐요.
[hak-gyo-e ga____ chin-gu-reul bwa-yo] — I go to school and see a friend.
Answer
가고
4. 집에 오____ 쉬어요.
[ji-be o____ swi-eo-yo] — I come home and rest.
Answer
오고
5. 커피를 마시____ 일해요.
[keo-pi-reul ma-si____ il-hae-yo] — I drink coffee and work.
Answer
마시고
6. 집이 크____ 좋아요.
[ji-bi keu____ jo-a-yo] — The house is big and good.
Answer
크고
7. 먹다 + and → ____
Answer
먹고
8. 공부하다 + and → ____
Answer
공부하고
9.먹어요고 → ✅ ____
Answer
먹고
10.가요고 → ✅ ____
Answer
가고
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • → and / and then
  • 먹다 → eat
  • 마시다 → drink
  • 읽다 → read
  • 공부하다 → study
  • 가다 → go
  • 오다 → come
  • 보다 → see / watch
  • 쉬다 → rest
  • 크다 → be big
  • 좋다 → be good
Tip 💡 Drop , add .
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Connecting Actions: 고
 
Fill each blank with the correct connected form. Each exercise has 10 questions, A-J.

Exercise 1 — Action Chains

A. 밥을 먹____ 물을 마셔요. [ba-beul meok____ mu-reul ma-syeo-yo] (I eat rice and drink water.)
Answer
먹고
B. 커피를 마시____ 일해요. [keo-pi-reul ma-si____ il-hae-yo] (I drink coffee and work.)
Answer
마시고
C. 책을 읽____ 공부해요. [chae-geul ik____ gong-bu-hae-yo] (I read and study.)
Answer
읽고
D. 영화를 보____ 자요. [yeong-hwa-reul bo____ ja-yo] (I watch a movie and sleep.)
Answer
보고
E. 학교에 가____ 공부해요. [hak-gyo-e ga____ gong-bu-hae-yo] (I go to school and study.)
Answer
가고
F. 집에 오____ 쉬어요. [ji-be o____ swi-eo-yo] (I come home and rest.)
Answer
오고
G. 음악을 듣____ 일해요. [eu-ma-geul deut____ il-hae-yo] (I listen to music and work.)
Answer
듣고
H. 친구를 보____ 밥을 먹어요. [chin-gu-reul bo____ ba-beul meo-geo-yo] (I see a friend and eat.)
Answer
보고
I. 공부하____ 쉬어요. [gong-bu-ha____ swi-eo-yo] (I study and rest.)
Answer
공부하고
J. 일하____ 커피를 마셔요. [il-ha____ keo-pi-reul ma-syeo-yo] (I work and drink coffee.)
Answer
일하고
 

Exercise 2 — Description Chains

A. 집이 크____ 좋아요. [ji-bi keu____ jo-a-yo] (The house is big and good.)
Answer
크고
B. 책이 작____ 재미있어요. [chae-gi jak____ jae-mi-it-seo-yo] (The book is small and interesting.)
Answer
작고
C. 영화가 재미있____ 좋아요. [yeong-hwa-ga jae-mi-it____ jo-a-yo] (The movie is interesting and good.)
Answer
재미있고
D. 커피가 좋____ 작아요. [keo-pi-ga jot____ ja-ga-yo] (The coffee is good and small.)
Answer
좋고
E. 학교가 크____ 좋아요. [hak-gyo-ga keu____ jo-a-yo] (The school is big and good.)
Answer
크고
F. 집이 작____ 좋아요. [ji-bi jak____ jo-a-yo] (The house is small and good.)
Answer
작고
G. 책이 좋____ 재미있어요. [chae-gi jot____ jae-mi-it-seo-yo] (The book is good and interesting.)
Answer
좋고
H. 영화가 길____ 재미있어요. [yeong-hwa-ga gil____ jae-mi-it-seo-yo] (The movie is long and interesting.)
Answer
길고
I. 음악이 좋____ 재미있어요. [eu-ma-gi jot____ jae-mi-it-seo-yo] (The music is good and interesting.)
Answer
좋고
J. 책이 작____ 좋아요. [chae-gi jak____ jo-a-yo] (The book is small and good.)
Answer
작고
 

Exercise 3 — Final Tense Stays Last

A. 밥을 먹____ 물을 마셨어요. [ba-beul meok____ mu-reul ma-syeo-sseo-yo] (I ate rice and drank water.)
Answer
먹고
B. 책을 읽____ 공부했어요. [chae-geul ik____ gong-bu-hae-sseo-yo] (I read and studied.)
Answer
읽고
C. 학교에 가____ 친구를 봤어요. [hak-gyo-e ga____ chin-gu-reul bwa-sseo-yo] (I went to school and saw a friend.)
Answer
가고
D. 집에 오____ 쉬었어요. [ji-be o____ swi-eo-sseo-yo] (I came home and rested.)
Answer
오고
E. 영화를 보____ 잤어요. [yeong-hwa-reul bo____ ja-sseo-yo] (I watched a movie and slept.)
Answer
보고
F. 커피를 마시____ 일했어요. [keo-pi-reul ma-si____ il-hae-sseo-yo] (I drank coffee and worked.)
Answer
마시고
G. 음악을 듣____ 공부했어요. [eu-ma-geul deut____ gong-bu-hae-sseo-yo] (I listened to music and studied.)
Answer
듣고
H. 친구를 보____ 밥을 먹었어요. [chin-gu-reul bo____ ba-beul meo-geo-sseo-yo] (I saw a friend and ate.)
Answer
보고
I. 공부하____ 쉬었어요. [gong-bu-ha____ swi-eo-sseo-yo] (I studied and rested.)
Answer
공부하고
J. 일하____ 잤어요. [il-ha____ ja-sseo-yo] (I worked and slept.)
Answer
일하고
 

Exercise 4 — Build the Connected Form

A. 먹다 → ____
Answer
먹고
B. 마시다 → ____
Answer
마시고
C. 가다 → ____
Answer
가고
D. 오다 → ____
Answer
오고
E. 보다 → ____
Answer
보고
F. 읽다 → ____
Answer
읽고
G. 공부하다 → ____
Answer
공부하고
H. 일하다 → ____
Answer
일하고
I. 크다 → ____
Answer
크고
J. 작다 → ____
Answer
작고
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery

A. Connector meaning → ____
Answer
and / and then
B. 먹어요고 → ____
Answer
먹고
C. 가요고 → ____
Answer
가고
D. 공부하____ 일해요. [gong-bu-ha____ il-hae-yo]
Answer
공부하고
E. 보____ 자요. [bo____ ja-yo]
Answer
보고
F. 읽____ 쉬어요. [ik____ swi-eo-yo]
Answer
읽고
G. 가____ 와요. [ga____ wa-yo]
Answer
가고
H. 좋____ 재미있어요. [jot____ jae-mi-it-seo-yo]
Answer
좋고
I. 듣____ 공부해요. [deut____ gong-bu-hae-yo]
Answer
듣고
J. 일했고 쉬었어요 → cleaner simple chain: ____
Answer
일하고 쉬었어요
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • → and / and then
  • 먹다 / 먹어요 → eat
  • 마시다 / 마셔요 → drink
  • 읽다 → read
  • 보다 / 봐요 → see / watch
  • 가다 / 가요 → go
  • 오다 / 와요 → come
  • 듣다 → listen
  • 공부하다 → study
  • 일하다 → work
  • 쉬다 → rest
  • 크다 → be big
  • 작다 → be small
  • 좋다 → be good
  • 재미있다 → be interesting
  • 먹고 → eat and
  • 가고 → go and
  • 크고 → big and
Tip 💡 Drop , add . Put tense on the final verb for simple chains.
 
 
🎉
Great job! You finished the connector practice — now you can stitch Korean actions and descriptions together smoothly.