TL;DR
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ = grocery shopping (noun) ๐
- ๋นจ๋ = laundry (noun) ๐งบ
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ = trash / garbage (noun) ๐๏ธ
- ์ฒญ์ = cleaning (noun) ๐งน
- ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง = dishwashing (noun) ๐ฝ๏ธ
Iru Helper Note
<mention-page url="https://app.notion.com/p/349be37590c08068a178f6d92b8a4a18">\
Try this: ์ค๋์ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฒญ์๋ฅผ ๋ค ํด์ผ ํด์. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๊ณ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ ๋ฒ๋ฆด๊ฒ์.
(Today I have to do grocery shopping, laundry, and cleaning. And I'll wash the dishes and throw out the trash too.)
ย
๐ The Big Picture
These five words are the backbone of everyday household talk in Korean. ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ gets food into the house, ๋นจ๋ keeps your clothes clean, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ is what you take back out, and ์ฒญ์ and ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง keep your living space and kitchen tidy. Master these and you can describe your entire weekend chore list! ๐
๐จ The Core Daily Tasks Family
1. ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ โ grocery shopping ๐
A noun form of ์ฅ์ ๋ณด๋ค, meaning "to go grocery/market shopping."
- ์ค๋ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ ํด์ผ ํด์. (I need to do grocery shopping today.)
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌ์ด์. (I finished grocery shopping.)
โ Grammar note: comes from ์ฅ์ ๋ณด๋ค ("to do market shopping"); ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ is the noun form, but ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค is the most natural verb phrase.
2. ๋นจ๋ โ laundry ๐งบ
A noun for "laundry," paired with ํ๋ค to mean "to do laundry."
- ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ํด์. (I do the laundry.)
- ๋นจ๋๊ฐ ๋ค ๋์ด์. (The laundry is done.)
โ Grammar note: ๋นจ๋ํ๋ค = "to do laundry"; ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ค/๊ฑท๋ค/๊ฐ๋ค = "to hang/take down/fold laundry."
3. ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ โ trash / garbage ๐๏ธ
A noun for "trash" or "garbage."
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ ค์. (I throw away the trash.)
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐํต์ด ์ด๋์์? (Where's the trash can?)
โ Grammar note: ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ค = "to throw out trash"; ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐํต = "trash can"; ๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ = "recycling/sorting."
4. ์ฒญ์ โ cleaning ๐งน
A noun for "cleaning," paired with ํ๋ค to mean "to clean."
- ๋ฐฉ์ ์ฒญ์ํด์. (I clean my room.)
- ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค์. (I run the vacuum cleaner.)
โ Grammar note: ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ = "vacuum cleaner" (the tool); ๋์ฒญ์ = "big/deep cleaning."
5. ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง โ dishwashing ๐ฝ๏ธ
A noun for "doing the dishes," paired with ํ๋ค to mean "to wash dishes."
- ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง๋ฅผ ํด์. (I wash the dishes.)
- ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง ์ข ๋์์ค์. (Help me with the dishes.)
โ Grammar note: ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๋ค = "to do the dishes"; ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ = "dishes that need washing."
๐ ๏ธ How They Work in a Sentence
- ์ค๋์ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฒญ์๋ฅผ ๋ค ํด์ผ ํด์.
(Today I have to do grocery shopping, laundry, and cleaning.)
โ Three noun + ํ๋ค chores listed together.
- ๋ฐฅ ๋จน๊ณ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๊ณ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆด๊ฒ์.
(After eating, I'll do the dishes and throw out the trash.)
โ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๋ค and ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ค are natural kitchen-cleanup partners.
- ์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๊ณ ๋์ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ์์.
(After cleaning and hanging the laundry, I'll go grocery shopping.)
โ -๊ณ ๋์ ("after doing") chains multiple chores in order.
๐งฉ General Formation Rule
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ โ noun form of ์ฅ์ ๋ณด๋ค; ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค is the most natural spoken form
- ๋นจ๋/์ฒญ์/์ค๊ฑฐ์ง + ํ๋ค = "to do laundry/cleaning/dishes"
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ค/๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐํ๋ค โ trash-related collocations
- ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ค/๊ฑท๋ค/๊ฐ๋ค โ hang/take down/fold laundry
- ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ค = "to run the vacuum"
๐ Cross-check note
All vocabulary cross-checked against korean.go.kr โ
๐ช Synonym Alert
- ์ฒญ์ vs ์ ๋ฆฌ โ ์ฒญ์ = cleaning (removing dirt/mess); ์ ๋ฆฌ = organizing/tidying (arranging things in order).
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ vs ๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ โ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ = general trash; ๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ = sorted recycling (specific categories like paper, plastic).
- ๋นจ๋ vs ์ธํ โ ๋นจ๋ = everyday word for laundry; ์ธํ = more formal/technical (์ธํ๊ธฐ = washing machine, ์ธํ์ = dry cleaner's).
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ vs ์ผํ โ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ = grocery/market shopping specifically; ์ผํ = shopping in general (clothes, electronics, etc.).
- ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง vs ์๋ฆฌ โ ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง = washing dishes after eating; ์๋ฆฌ = the cooking itself.
โ ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge
- โ Saying ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐํ๋ค โ โ Use ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค ("to go grocery shopping") โ the most natural spoken form.
- โ Treating all recyclables as ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ โ โ ๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ for sorted recycling, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ for general trash.
- โ Confusing ๋นจ๋ and ์ธํ โ โ ๋นจ๋ = everyday "laundry" (๋นจ๋ํ๋ค, ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ค); ์ธํ = formal (์ธํ๊ธฐ, ์ธํ์).
- โ Mixing up ์ฒญ์ and ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ โ โ ์ฒญ์ = cleaning (the action); ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ = the vacuum cleaner (the tool).
- โ Saying ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค๋ค โ โ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๋ค = "to wash dishes" โ you don't "make" dishwashing.
์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฒญ์, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๊น์ง โ ์ง์์ผ ๋๋๋ฉด ์ ๋ง ๊ฐ์ดํด์! ๐๐งบ๐งน๐ฝ๏ธ๐๏ธ
ย
Try this exercise
Fill in each blank with the correct word (์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ, ์ฒญ์, or ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง).
A. ์ค๋ ___ ํด์ผ ํด์. (I need to do grocery shopping today.)
Answer
์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ
B. ___๋ฅผ ํด์. (I do the laundry.)
Answer
๋นจ๋
C. ___๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ ค์. (I throw away the trash.)
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ
D. ๋ฐฉ์ ___ํด์. (I clean my room.)
Answer
์ฒญ์
E. ___๋ฅผ ํด์. (I wash the dishes.)
Answer
์ค๊ฑฐ์ง
F. ___๊ฐ ๋ค ๋์ด์. (The laundry is done.)
Answer
๋นจ๋
G. ___ํต์ด ์ด๋์์? (Where's the trash can?)
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ
H. ___๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค์. (I run the vacuum cleaner.)
Answer
์ฒญ์
I. ___ ์ข ๋์์ค์. (Help me with the dishes.)
Answer
์ค๊ฑฐ์ง
J. ___ ๋๋ฌ์ด์. (I finished grocery shopping.)
Answer
์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ
Vocabulary Box
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ โ grocery shopping; ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค
- ๋นจ๋ โ laundry; ๋นจ๋ํ๋ค, ๋๋ค/๊ฑท๋ค/๊ฐ๋ค
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ โ trash; ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ค, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐํต
- ์ฒญ์ โ cleaning; ์ฒญ์ํ๋ค, ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ
- ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง โ dishwashing; ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๋ค
Pitfalls reminder
- ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐํ๋ค โ โ ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค โ
- ์ฒญ์ (action) vs ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ (tool)
- ๋นจ๋ (everyday) vs ์ธํ (formal)
Want more reps? Make your own Sunday chore list using all five words โ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ, ์ฒญ์, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง โ and say it out loud in order!
ย
Practice Hub: Daily Tasks (์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ / ๋นจ๋ / ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ / ์ฒญ์ / ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง)
Five rounds for talking about household chores.
Exercise 1 โ Word Recall: ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ & ๋นจ๋
A. "I'm going grocery shopping now."
Answer
์ง๊ธ ์ฅ๋ณด๋ฌ ๊ฐ์.
B. "What do you need to buy?"
Answer
๋ญ ์ฌ์ผ ํด์?
C. "I do laundry every weekend."
Answer
์ฃผ๋ง๋ง๋ค ๋นจ๋ํด์.
D. "Hang the laundry on the balcony."
Answer
๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ๋๋ค์ ๋์ด์.
E. "I forgot to buy milk."
Answer
์ฐ์ ์ฌ๋ ๊ฑธ ์์ด๋ฒ๋ ธ์ด์.
F. "The laundry is dry now."
Answer
๋นจ๋๊ฐ ๋ค ๋ง๋์ด์.
G. "Let's go grocery shopping together."
Answer
๊ฐ์ด ์ฅ๋ณด๋ฌ ๊ฐ์.
H. "Fold the laundry, please."
Answer
๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๊ฐ ์ฃผ์ธ์.
I. "I need to buy vegetables."
Answer
์ฑ์๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ผ ํด์.
J. "I washed the laundry yesterday."
Answer
์ด์ ๋นจ๋ํ์ด์.
Quick Reference
- ์ฅ ๋ณด๋ค = to go grocery shopping
- ๋นจ๋ํ๋ค, ๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ค/๊ฐ๋ค/๊ฑท๋ค
- ~๋ฌ ๊ฐ๋ค = "go to do ~"
ย
Exercise 2 โ Word Recall: ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ & ์ฒญ์
A. "Take out the trash, please."
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ ์ข ๋ฒ๋ ค ์ฃผ์ธ์.
B. "Where do I put the recycling?"
Answer
๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ๋ ์ด๋์ ํด์?
C. "I cleaned the whole house."
Answer
์ง ์ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฒญ์ํ์ด์.
D. "The trash can is full."
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐํต์ด ๊ฐ๋ ์ฐผ์ด์.
E. "Let's clean the living room."
Answer
๊ฑฐ์ค์ ์ฒญ์ํด์.
F. "Don't throw trash here."
Answer
์ฌ๊ธฐ์ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ์ง ๋ง์ธ์.
G. "I clean my room every day."
Answer
๋งค์ผ ๋ฐฉ์ ์ฒญ์ํด์.
H. "The garbage truck comes on Mondays."
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์์์ผ์ ์์.
I. "I need to vacuum."
Answer
์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค์ผ ํด์.
J. "This place needs a deep clean."
Answer
์ฌ๊ธฐ ๋์ฒญ์๊ฐ ํ์ํด์.
Quick Reference
- ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ค, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐํต, ๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ
- ์ฒญ์ํ๋ค, ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ค, ๋์ฒญ์
- ~์ด/๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ ์ฐจ๋ค = "to be full"
ย
Exercise 3 โ Pattern Practice: -๊ณ ๋์ (chore sequences)
A. "After cleaning, I'll do the laundry."
Answer
์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ๋์ ๋นจ๋ํ ๊ฑฐ์์.
B. "After grocery shopping, I'll cook."
Answer
์ฅ๋ณด๊ณ ๋์ ์๋ฆฌํ ๊ฑฐ์์.
C. "After eating, do the dishes."
Answer
๋ฐฅ ๋จน๊ณ ๋์ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ์ธ์.
D. "After doing laundry, take out the trash."
Answer
๋นจ๋ํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ ค์.
E. "After cleaning the room, I'll rest."
Answer
๋ฐฉ์ ์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์์.
F. "After washing dishes, wipe the table."
Answer
์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ํ์ ๋ฆ์์.
G. "After grocery shopping, clean the fridge."
Answer
์ฅ๋ณด๊ณ ๋์ ๋์ฅ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ ๋ฆฌํด์.
H. "After hanging laundry, vacuum the floor."
Answer
๋นจ๋๋ฅผ ๋๊ณ ๋์ ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค์.
I. "After throwing out trash, wash your hands."
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋์ ์์ ์ป์ด์.
J. "After cleaning, do the grocery shopping."
Answer
์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ฅ๋ด์.
Quick Reference
- -๊ณ ๋์ = "after doing ~"
- Chores chain naturally with -๊ณ ๋์
- ์ฅ๋ณด๋ค (casual contraction of ์ฅ์ ๋ณด๋ค)
ย
Exercise 4 โ Pattern Practice: Requests for Help
A. "Please help me with the laundry."
Answer
๋นจ๋ ์ข ๋์์ฃผ์ธ์.
B. "Please take out the trash."
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ ์ข ๋ฒ๋ ค ์ฃผ์ธ์.
C. "Could you clean the bathroom?"
Answer
ํ์ฅ์ค ์ฒญ์ํด ์ค ์ ์์ด์?
D. "Please help me with the dishes."
Answer
์ค๊ฑฐ์ง ์ข ๋์์ฃผ์ธ์.
E. "Can you go grocery shopping for me?"
Answer
์ ๋์ ์ฅ๋ด ์ค ์ ์์ด์?
F. "Please fold the laundry."
Answer
๋นจ๋ ์ข ๊ฐ ์ฃผ์ธ์.
G. "Please vacuum the living room."
Answer
๊ฑฐ์ค ์ข ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ๋ก ๋๋ ค ์ฃผ์ธ์.
H. "Could you wash these dishes?"
Answer
์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆ๋ค ์ข ๋ฆ์ ์ค ์ ์์ด์?
I. "Please sort the recycling."
Answer
๋ถ๋ฆฌ์๊ฑฐ ์ข ํด ์ฃผ์ธ์.
J. "Can you help me with all the chores?"
Answer
์ง์์ผ ์ข ๋์์ค ์ ์์ด์?
Quick Reference
- ์ข ~์/์ด ์ฃผ์ธ์ = polite request
- ~ํด ์ค ์ ์์ด์? = "could you ~?"
- ์ง์์ผ = "housework" (umbrella term)
ย
Exercise 5 โ Mixed Mastery
A. "Today I have to do grocery shopping, laundry, cleaning, and dishes."
Answer
์ค๋ ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฒญ์, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ค ํด์ผ ํด์.
B. "After cleaning, I'll take out the trash and go grocery shopping."
Answer
์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ฅ๋ณด๋ฌ ๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ์์.
C. "Can you help me with the dishes after laundry?"
Answer
๋นจ๋ํ๊ณ ๋์ ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง ์ข ๋์์ค ์ ์์ด์?
D. "I cleaned the kitchen, did the dishes, and took out the trash."
Answer
์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์ ์ฒญ์ํ๊ณ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๊ณ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ๋ ธ์ด์.
E. "Let's go grocery shopping, then do laundry together."
Answer
๊ฐ์ด ์ฅ๋ณด๊ณ ๋์ ๋นจ๋ํด์.
F. "Please vacuum while I do the dishes."
Answer
์ ๊ฐ ์ค๊ฑฐ์งํ๋ ๋์ ์ฒญ์๊ธฐ ์ข ๋๋ ค ์ฃผ์ธ์.
G. "The trash is full, the laundry is done, what's next?"
Answer
์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ ๊ฐ๋ ์ฐผ๊ณ ๋นจ๋๋ ๋ค ๋์ด์, ๋ค์์ ๋ญ์์?
H. "I finished grocery shopping, now I need to clean."
Answer
์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌ์ผ๋๊น ์ด์ ์ฒญ์ํด์ผ ํด์.
I. "Doing chores all day โ laundry, dishes, cleaning, trash, groceries!"
Answer
ํ๋ฃจ ์ข
์ผ ์ง์์ผ โ ๋นจ๋, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง, ์ฒญ์, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ, ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ!
J. "After finishing all the chores, let's rest."
Answer
์ง์์ผ์ ๋ค ๋๋ด๊ณ ๋์ ์ฌ์ด์.
Quick Reference
- All five together: ์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ, ์ฒญ์, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง
- ~ํ๋ ๋์ = "while ~ing"
- ํ๋ฃจ ์ข ์ผ = "all day"
์ฅ๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋นจ๋, ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ, ์ฒญ์, ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง โ ์ง์์ผ ๋ค ํ๊ณ ๋๋ฉด ๋ง์์ด ๊ฐ๋ฒผ์์ ธ์! ๐๐งบ๐๏ธ๐งน๐ฝ๏ธ