🛠️

Introduction to Causative Form: -이/히/리/기/우/구/추-

Keywords
사동사
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Basic Grammar
🎯
TL;DR 🦄
  • Korean causative form shows that someone makes / lets / has someone else do something, or causes a state to happen.
  • Many causative verbs are made with -이-, -히-, -리-, -기-, -우-, -구-, or -추-.
  • Examples: 먹다 → 먹이다 [meok-da → meo-gi-da] — to eat → to feed; 앉다 → 앉히다 [an-tta → an-chi-da] — to sit → to seat someone; 자다 → 재우다 [ja-da → jae-u-da] — to sleep → to put someone to sleep.
🔊
🎧 Iru Helper Note — Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear active/causative pairs like 먹다 [meok-da] and 먹이다 [meo-gi-da], 앉다 [an-tta] and 앉히다 [an-chi-da], 자다 [ja-da] and 재우다 [jae-u-da]. The causative sound is much easier to remember when you hear the pair aloud. 🎧
 

🌈 The Big Picture

A normal active sentence says the subject does the action:
  • 아기가 밥을 먹어요. [a-gi-ga ba-beul meo-geo-yo] — The baby eats rice/food. 🍚
A causative sentence says someone causes that action:
  • 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 먹여요. [eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul meo-gyeo-yo] — Mom feeds the baby rice/food. 🍚
The meaning is often:
  • “make someone do…”
  • “let someone do…”
  • “have someone do…”
  • “cause something to become…”
Causative is about control, help, permission, responsibility, or causing a result. Sometimes it feels gentle, like helping; sometimes it feels forceful, like making someone do something. Context decides. 🧭
 

🎨 The Core Causative Family

Common causative suffixes:
  • -이- — 먹다 → 먹이다 [meok-da → meo-gi-da] — to eat → to feed
  • -히- — 앉다 → 앉히다 [an-tta → an-chi-da] — to sit → to seat someone
  • -리- — 알다 → 알리다 [al-da → al-li-da] — to know → to inform / let know
  • -기- — 웃다 → 웃기다 [ut-da → ut-gi-da] — to laugh → to make someone laugh / be funny
  • -우- — 자다 → 재우다 [ja-da → jae-u-da] — to sleep → to put someone to sleep
  • -구- — 솟다 → 솟구다 [sot-da → sot-gu-da] — to rise → to make/surge upward
  • -추- — 낮다 → 낮추다 [nat-da → nat-chu-da] — to be low → to lower
High-frequency pairs to memorize:
  • 먹다 → 먹이다 [meok-da → meo-gi-da] — to eat → to feed
  • 입다 → 입히다 [ip-da → i-pi-da] — to wear → to dress someone
  • 앉다 → 앉히다 [an-tta → an-chi-da] — to sit → to seat someone
  • 읽다 → 읽히다 [ik-da → il-ki-da] — to read → to make someone read
  • 알다 → 알리다 [al-da → al-li-da] — to know → to inform
  • 울다 → 울리다 [ul-da → ul-li-da] — to cry / ring → to make cry / ring
  • 웃다 → 웃기다 [ut-da → ut-gi-da] — to laugh → to make laugh / be funny
  • 벗다 → 벗기다 [beot-da → beot-gi-da] — to take off → to take something off someone / peel
  • 자다 → 재우다 [ja-da → jae-u-da] — to sleep → to put someone to sleep
  • 서다 → 세우다 [seo-da → se-u-da] — to stand → to stand something up / park
  • 타다 → 태우다 [ta-da → tae-u-da] — to ride → to give a ride / put someone in a vehicle
  • 낮다 → 낮추다 [nat-da → nat-chu-da] — to be low → to lower
 

🛠️ How It Works in Sentences

  1. 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 먹여요. [eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul meo-gyeo-yo] — Mom feeds the baby rice/food. 🍚
      • 먹다 = to eat, 먹이다 = to feed.
  1. 선생님이 학생에게 책을 읽혀요. [seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge chae-geul il-kyeo-yo] — The teacher makes the student read a book. 📖
      • 읽다 = to read, 읽히다 = to make someone read.
  1. 아빠가 아이를 재워요. [a-ppa-ga a-i-reul jae-wo-yo] — Dad puts the child to sleep. 😴
      • 자다 = to sleep, 재우다 = to put someone to sleep.
  1. 친구가 저를 웃겼어요. [chin-gu-ga jeo-reul ut-gyeo-sseo-yo] — My friend made me laugh. 😂
      • 웃다 = to laugh, 웃기다 = to make laugh / be funny.
  1. 소리를 낮춰 주세요. [so-ri-reul nat-chwo ju-se-yo] — Please lower the volume/sound. 🔉
      • 낮다 = to be low, 낮추다 = to lower.
 

🧩 General Formation Rule

There is no perfect beginner-safe rule for choosing 이/히/리/기/우/구/추. These causative verbs are lexical and partly historical.
The practical rule:
  1. Learn the common active/causative pairs.
  1. Notice the suffix.
  1. Check a dictionary before inventing a new form.
Broad shape:
  • Verb/adjective stem + 이/히/리/기/우/구/추 + 다
Examples:
  • 먹다 → 먹이다 — to eat → to feed
  • 앉다 → 앉히다 — to sit → to seat someone
  • 알다 → 알리다 — to know → to inform
  • 웃다 → 웃기다 — to laugh → to make laugh
  • 자다 → 재우다 — to sleep → to put to sleep
  • 낮다 → 낮추다 — to be low → to lower
 

🧑‍🏫 Who Does What?

Causative sentences often have three roles:
  • Causer: the person who makes/lets/has it happen.
  • Causee: the person who does or experiences the action.
  • Action/result: what happens.
Example:
  • 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 먹여요. [eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul meo-gyeo-yo] — Mom feeds the baby rice/food.
    • Causer: 엄마 — mom
    • Causee: 아기에게 — to the baby
    • Action/result: 밥을 먹여요 — feeds rice/food
Common causee markers:
  • 에게 / 한테 — often used when someone is made to do an action.
    • 선생님이 학생에게 책을 읽혔어요. [seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge chae-geul il-kyeo-sseo-yo] — The teacher made the student read a book.
  • 을/를 — common when someone is directly affected.
    • 아빠가 아이를 재웠어요. [a-ppa-ga a-i-reul jae-wo-sseo-yo] — Dad put the child to sleep.
 

🔄 Causative Suffix vs -게 하다

Korean also has a longer causative pattern:
  • -게 하다 [-ge ha-da] — to make/let/have someone do
Compare:
  • 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 먹였어요. [eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul meo-gyeo-sseo-yo] — Mom fed the baby.
  • 엄마가 아기가 밥을 먹게 했어요. [eom-ma-ga a-gi-ga ba-beul meok-ge hae-sseo-yo] — Mom made/let the baby eat.
Feeling:
  • Suffix causative often feels like a built-in vocabulary verb: 먹이다, 재우다, 입히다.
  • -게 하다 is more flexible and can be used with many verbs when a built-in causative is not natural or not known.
 

📚 Cross-check note

The causative suffix family -이-, -히-, -리-, -기-, -우-, -구-, and -추- was checked against korean.go.kr and standard Korean grammar references. Korean causative verbs are generally treated as derived verbs, and many must be learned as dictionary vocabulary rather than freely guessed. ✅
 

🪞 Nuance Alert

Some causative forms can overlap with other meanings:
  • 읽히다 can mean “to make someone read” or “to be read,” depending on context.
    • 선생님이 학생에게 책을 읽혔어요. [seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge chae-geul il-kyeo-sseo-yo] — The teacher made the student read a book.
    • 이 책은 많이 읽혀요. [i chae-geun ma-ni il-kyeo-yo] — This book is read a lot.
  • 울리다 can mean “make someone cry” or “ring/sound.”
    • 그 말이 저를 울렸어요. [geu ma-ri jeo-reul ul-lyeo-sseo-yo] — Those words made me cry.
    • 전화가 울려요. [jeon-hwa-ga ul-lyeo-yo] — The phone is ringing.
Context is your compass. 🧭
 

⚠️ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • ❌ Making up causatives freely → ✅ Learn common pairs and check a dictionary.
  • ❌ Assuming the suffix always means causative → ✅ Some forms can be passive or have separate lexical meanings.
  • ❌ Confusing 먹이다 and 먹다 → ✅ 먹다 = eat; 먹이다 = feed.
  • ❌ Forgetting the causee → ✅ Say who is made/allowed/helped to do the action when needed: 아기에게, 학생에게, 아이를.
  • ❌ Translating every English “make” with a suffix causative → ✅ Use -게 하다 when the built-in causative is unknown or unnatural.
 
🎉 Bottom line: causative -이/히/리/기/우/구/추- is Korean’s “cause it to happen” toolkit. Start with the everyday pairs: 먹이다, 입히다, 앉히다, 재우다, 태우다, and 낮추다. 🛠️✨
 
Try this exercise
Instructions: Fill in each causative form. Read the Korean aloud, then open the Answer toggle. 🎧
1. 먹다 → ＿＿＿＿
[meok-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to eat → to feed 🍚
Answer
먹이다 [meo-gi-da].
2. 입다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ip-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to wear → to dress someone 👕
Answer
입히다 [i-pi-da].
3. 앉다 → ＿＿＿＿
[an-tta → ＿＿＿＿]
to sit → to seat someone 🪑
Answer
앉히다 [an-chi-da].
4. 알다 → ＿＿＿＿
[al-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to know → to inform 📢
Answer
알리다 [al-li-da].
5. 웃다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ut-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to laugh → to make laugh 😂
Answer
웃기다 [ut-gi-da].
6. 자다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ja-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to sleep → to put to sleep 😴
Answer
재우다 [jae-u-da].
7. 타다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ta-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to ride → to give a ride / put in a vehicle 🚗
Answer
태우다 [tae-u-da].
8. 낮다 → ＿＿＿＿
[nat-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to be low → to lower 🔉
Answer
낮추다 [nat-chu-da].
9. 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 ＿＿＿＿.
[eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul ＿＿＿＿]
Mom feeds the baby rice/food. 🍚
Answer
먹여요 [meo-gyeo-yo].
10. 친구가 저를 ＿＿＿＿.
[chin-gu-ga jeo-reul ＿＿＿＿]
My friend made me laugh. 😂
Answer
웃겼어요 [ut-gyeo-sseo-yo].
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 먹다 → to eat
  • 먹이다 → to feed
  • 입다 → to wear
  • 입히다 → to dress someone
  • 앉다 → to sit
  • 앉히다 → to seat someone
  • 알다 → to know
  • 알리다 → to inform
  • 웃다 → to laugh
  • 웃기다 → to make laugh / be funny
  • 자다 → to sleep
  • 재우다 → to put to sleep
Memory tip 💡 Causative often adds another person into the sentence: someone causes someone else to act.
🚀
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below gives you the full workout.
 
📦
🎯 Practice Hub — Introduction to Causative Form: -이/히/리/기/우/구/추-
 
Welcome to the causative-form workout. 🛠️ You’ll practice active/causative pairs, sentence frames, causee markers, and the difference between suffix causatives and -게 하다. The goal is to recognize the common forms and use them naturally in everyday sentences.
 
🔊 Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets to hear 먹이다, 입히다, 앉히다, 웃기다, 재우다, and 낮추다 in full sentences.
 
📝 Instructions: Fill in each blank, read the Korean aloud, then check the Answer toggle. Focus on the whole sentence meaning, not just the suffix.
 

Exercise 1 — Match Active and Causative Pairs 🧱

A. 먹다 → ＿＿＿＿
[meok-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to eat → to feed 🍚
Answer
먹이다 [meo-gi-da].
B. 입다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ip-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to wear → to dress someone 👕
Answer
입히다 [i-pi-da].
C. 앉다 → ＿＿＿＿
[an-tta → ＿＿＿＿]
to sit → to seat someone 🪑
Answer
앉히다 [an-chi-da].
D. 읽다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ik-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to read → to make someone read 📖
Answer
읽히다 [il-ki-da].
E. 알다 → ＿＿＿＿
[al-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to know → to inform 📢
Answer
알리다 [al-li-da].
F. 울다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ul-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to cry/ring → to make cry/ring 🔔
Answer
울리다 [ul-li-da].
G. 웃다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ut-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to laugh → to make laugh 😂
Answer
웃기다 [ut-gi-da].
H. 자다 → ＿＿＿＿
[ja-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to sleep → to put to sleep 😴
Answer
재우다 [jae-u-da].
I. 서다 → ＿＿＿＿
[seo-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to stand → to stand something up / park 🚗
Answer
세우다 [se-u-da].
J. 낮다 → ＿＿＿＿
[nat-da → ＿＿＿＿]
to be low → to lower 🔉
Answer
낮추다 [nat-chu-da].
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 먹다 → to eat
  • 입다 → to wear
  • 앉다 → to sit
  • 읽다 → to read
  • 알다 → to know
  • 울다 → to cry/ring
  • 웃다 → to laugh
  • 자다 → to sleep
  • 서다 → to stand
  • 낮다 → to be low
Tip 💡 Memorize causatives as pairs. The suffix choice is not perfectly predictable.
 

Exercise 2 — Choose the Causative Verb 🧲

A. 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 ＿＿＿＿.
[eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul ＿＿＿＿]
Mom feeds the baby rice/food. 🍚
Answer
먹여요 [meo-gyeo-yo] — 먹이다.
B. 아빠가 아이에게 옷을 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-ppa-ga a-i-e-ge o-seul ＿＿＿＿]
Dad dresses the child in clothes. 👕
Answer
입혀요 [i-pyeo-yo] — 입히다.
C. 선생님이 학생을 의자에 ＿＿＿＿.
[seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-eul ui-ja-e ＿＿＿＿]
The teacher seats the student on a chair. 🪑
Answer
앉혀요 [an-chyeo-yo] — 앉히다.
D. 친구가 저를 ＿＿＿＿.
[chin-gu-ga jeo-reul ＿＿＿＿]
My friend makes me laugh. 😂
Answer
웃겨요 [ut-gyeo-yo] — 웃기다.
E. 부모님이 아이를 ＿＿＿＿.
[bu-mo-ni-mi a-i-reul ＿＿＿＿]
The parents put the child to sleep. 😴
Answer
재워요 [jae-wo-yo] — 재우다.
F. 제가 친구에게 소식을 ＿＿＿＿.
[je-ga chin-gu-e-ge so-si-geul ＿＿＿＿]
I inform my friend of the news. 📢
Answer
알려요 [al-lyeo-yo] — 알리다.
G. 기사님이 손님을 역까지 ＿＿＿＿.
[gi-sa-ni-mi son-ni-meul yeok-kka-ji ＿＿＿＿]
The driver gives the guest/passenger a ride to the station. 🚕
Answer
태워요 [tae-wo-yo] — 태우다.
H. 여기에 차를 ＿＿＿＿.
[yeo-gi-e cha-reul ＿＿＿＿]
Park the car here. 🚗
Answer
세워요 [se-wo-yo] — 세우다.
I. 소리를 조금 ＿＿＿＿ 주세요.
[so-ri-reul jo-geum ＿＿＿＿ ju-se-yo]
Please lower the sound a little. 🔉
Answer
낮춰 [nat-chwo] — 낮추다.
J. 선생님이 학생에게 문장을 ＿＿＿＿.
[seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge mun-jang-eul ＿＿＿＿]
The teacher makes the student read the sentence. 📖
Answer
읽혀요 [il-kyeo-yo] — 읽히다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 아기 → baby
  • 밥 → rice/food
  • 옷 → clothes
  • 의자 → chair
  • 부모님 → parents
  • 소식 → news
  • 기사님 → driver
  • 역 → station
  • 차 → car
  • 문장 → sentence
Tip 💡 Watch the person being affected: 아기에게, 아이를, 학생에게.
 

Exercise 3 — Build the Causative Sentence 🔄

A. 아이가 자요. → 엄마가 아이를 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-i-ga ja-yo → eom-ma-ga a-i-reul ＿＿＿＿]
The child sleeps → Mom puts the child to sleep. 😴
Answer
재워요 — 엄마가 아이를 재워요.
B. 아기가 먹어요. → 아빠가 아기에게 밥을 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-gi-ga meo-geo-yo → a-ppa-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul ＿＿＿＿]
The baby eats → Dad feeds the baby. 🍚
Answer
먹여요 — 아빠가 아기에게 밥을 먹여요.
C. 학생이 앉아요. → 선생님이 학생을 ＿＿＿＿.
[hak-saeng-i an-ja-yo → seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-eul ＿＿＿＿]
The student sits → The teacher seats the student. 🪑
Answer
앉혀요 — 선생님이 학생을 앉혀요.
D. 친구가 웃어요. → 제가 친구를 ＿＿＿＿.
[chin-gu-ga u-seo-yo → je-ga chin-gu-reul ＿＿＿＿]
My friend laughs → I make my friend laugh. 😂
Answer
웃겨요 — 제가 친구를 웃겨요..
E. 사람들이 알아요. → 회사가 사람들에게 사실을 ＿＿＿＿.
[sa-ram-deu-ri a-ra-yo → hoe-sa-ga sa-ram-deu-re-ge sa-shi-reul ＿＿＿＿]
People know → The company informs people of the fact. 📢
Answer
알려요 — 회사가 사람들에게 사실을 알려요.
F. 손님이 택시에 타요. → 기사님이 손님을 택시에 ＿＿＿＿.
[son-ni-mi taek-si-e ta-yo → gi-sa-ni-mi son-ni-meul taek-si-e ＿＿＿＿]
The guest/passenger rides in a taxi → The driver puts the guest/passenger in the taxi. 🚕
Answer
태워요 — 기사님이 손님을 택시에 태워요.
G. 차가 서요. → 제가 차를 여기에 ＿＿＿＿.
[cha-ga seo-yo → je-ga cha-reul yeo-gi-e ＿＿＿＿]
The car stands/stops → I park the car here. 🚗
Answer
세워요 — 제가 차를 여기에 세워요.
H. 소리가 낮아요. → 제가 소리를 ＿＿＿＿.
[so-ri-ga na-ja-yo → je-ga so-ri-reul ＿＿＿＿]
The sound is low → I lower the sound. 🔉
Answer
낮춰요 — 제가 소리를 낮춰요.
I. 아이가 옷을 입어요. → 엄마가 아이에게 옷을 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-i-ga o-seul i-beo-yo → eom-ma-ga a-i-e-ge o-seul ＿＿＿＿]
The child wears clothes → Mom dresses the child. 👕
Answer
입혀요 — 엄마가 아이에게 옷을 입혀요.
J. 학생이 책을 읽어요. → 선생님이 학생에게 책을 ＿＿＿＿.
[hak-saeng-i chae-geul il-geo-yo → seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge chae-geul ＿＿＿＿]
The student reads a book → The teacher makes the student read a book. 📖
Answer
읽혀요 — 선생님이 학생에게 책을 읽혀요.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 아이 → child
  • 학생 → student
  • 회사 → company
  • 사실 → fact
  • 사람들 → people
  • 택시 → taxi
  • 여기 → here
  • 소리 → sound
Tip 💡 The original subject often becomes the causee: 아이가 자요 → 아이를 재워요.
 

Exercise 4 — Causative Suffix or -게 하다? 🧭

A. 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 먹였어요.
[eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul meo-gyeo-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 🍚
Answer
Mom fed the baby rice/food. This uses suffix causative: 먹이다.
B. 엄마가 아기가 밥을 먹게 했어요.
[eom-ma-ga a-gi-ga ba-beul meok-ge hae-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 🍚
Answer
Mom made/let the baby eat rice/food. This uses -게 하다.
C. 친구가 저를 웃겼어요.
[chin-gu-ga jeo-reul ut-gyeo-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 😂
Answer
My friend made me laugh. This uses 웃기다.
D. 친구가 제가 웃게 했어요.
[chin-gu-ga je-ga ut-ge hae-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 😂
Answer
My friend made me laugh. This uses -게 하다.
E. 아빠가 아이를 재웠어요.
[a-ppa-ga a-i-reul jae-wo-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 😴
Answer
Dad put the child to sleep. This uses 재우다.
F. 선생님이 학생에게 발표하게 했어요.
[seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge bal-pyo-ha-ge hae-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 🎤
Answer
The teacher made/had the student present. -게 하다 is flexible and works well here.
G. 제가 소리를 낮췄어요.
[je-ga so-ri-reul nat-chwo-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 🔉
Answer
I lowered the sound. This uses 낮추다.
H. 제가 친구에게 기다리게 했어요.
[je-ga chin-gu-e-ge gi-da-ri-ge hae-sseo-yo]
Meaning? ⏳
Answer
I made/had my friend wait. -게 하다 is natural here.
I. 선생님이 학생에게 책을 읽혔어요.
[seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-e-ge chae-geul il-kyeo-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 📖
Answer
The teacher made the student read a book. This uses suffix causative: 읽히다.
J. 선생님이 학생이 책을 읽게 했어요.
[seon-saeng-ni-mi hak-saeng-i chae-geul il-ge hae-sseo-yo]
Meaning? 📖
Answer
The teacher made/let the student read a book. This uses -게 하다.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 발표하다 → to present
  • 기다리다 → to wait
  • -게 하다 → to make/let/have someone do
  • 먹이다 → to feed
  • 웃기다 → to make laugh
  • 재우다 → to put to sleep
  • 낮추다 → to lower
Tip 💡 If you do not know the built-in causative verb, -게 하다 is often the safer beginner choice.
 

Exercise 5 — Mixed Mastery + Pitfall Patrol 🛡️

A. ❌ 아기가 밥을 먹여요. → ✅ 엄마가 아기에게 밥을 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-gi-ga ba-beul meo-gyeo-yo → eom-ma-ga a-gi-e-ge ba-beul ＿＿＿＿]
Mom feeds the baby. 🍚
Answer
먹여요 — The causer is 엄마, not 아기.
B. 이 영화는 정말 ＿＿＿＿.
[i yeong-hwa-neun jeong-mal ＿＿＿＿]
This movie is really funny. 🎬
Answer
웃겨요 — 웃기다 can mean “to be funny.”
C. 그 말이 저를 ＿＿＿＿.
[geu ma-ri jeo-reul ＿＿＿＿]
Those words made me cry. 😢
Answer
울렸어요 — 울리다.
D. 전화가 ＿＿＿＿.
[jeon-hwa-ga ＿＿＿＿]
The phone is ringing. ☎️
Answer
울려요 — 울리다 can also mean “ring/sound.”
E. 소식을 모두에게 ＿＿＿＿ 주세요.
[so-si-geul mo-du-e-ge ＿＿＿＿ ju-se-yo]
Please inform everyone of the news. 📢
Answer
알려 — 알리다 → 알려 주세요.
F. 아이에게 신발을 ＿＿＿＿.
[a-i-e-ge shin-ba-reul ＿＿＿＿]
I put shoes on the child. 👟
Answer
신겼어요 — 신다 → 신기다, to wear shoes → to put shoes on someone.
G. 강아지를 의자에 ＿＿＿＿.
[gang-a-ji-reul ui-ja-e ＿＿＿＿]
I seated the puppy on the chair. 🐶
Answer
앉혔어요 — 앉히다.
H. 손님을 차에 ＿＿＿＿.
[son-ni-meul cha-e ＿＿＿＿]
I put the guest/passenger in the car / gave the guest a ride. 🚗
Answer
태웠어요 — 태우다.
I. 가격을 조금 ＿＿＿＿.
[ga-gyeo-geul jo-geum ＿＿＿＿]
I lowered the price a little. 💸
Answer
낮췄어요 — 낮추다.
J. 학생에게 다시 설명하게 ＿＿＿＿.
[hak-saeng-e-ge da-shi seol-myeong-ha-ge ＿＿＿＿]
I made/had the student explain again. 🗣️
Answer
했어요 — 설명하게 했어요. Use -게 하다 when there is no simple memorized causative form.
📚
Vocabulary Box
  • 영화 → movie
  • 말 → words/speech
  • 모두 → everyone
  • 신발 → shoes
  • 신기다 → to put shoes on someone
  • 강아지 → puppy
  • 가격 → price
  • 설명하다 → to explain
  • 다시 → again
Tip 💡 Some causative-looking verbs become everyday vocabulary with their own common meanings: 웃기다 = to be funny, 울리다 = to ring/make cry.
 
🎉 You finished the -이/히/리/기/우/구/추- causative workout. You can now spot who causes the action, who experiences it, and when to use a built-in causative versus -게 하다. Causative toolkit unlocked. 🛠️✨