๐Ÿ›’

Adding to the state: -์€/๋Š” ๊น€์—

Keywords
๊น€์—
Lesson #
S
Done
Section
Intermediate Grammar
๐Ÿ›’
TL;DR ๐Ÿฆ„
  • -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์— means while youโ€™re already doing it / since you already did it / while youโ€™re at it.
  • It turns an existing action or situation into a convenient opportunity to do something else.
  • ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”. = Since I went to the mart anyway, I bought milk too.
๐Ÿ”Š
๐ŸŽง Iru Helper Note Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
to hear ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—, ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—, ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์—, and ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—. Listen for ๊น€์— as โ€œon that occasion / while already at it.โ€
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๐ŸŒˆ The Big Picture

๊น€ means something like occasion / opportunity / the fact that something is already happening.
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So -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์— means:
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since Iโ€™m already doing A, I might as well do B
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while Iโ€™m at A, Iโ€™ll also do B
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since A already happened, I used that chance to do B
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Examples:
  • ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์‚ฌ ์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”.
    • [ma-teu-e ga-neun gi-me u-yu-do sa ol-ge-yo]
      Since Iโ€™m going to the mart anyway, Iโ€™ll buy milk too. ๐Ÿฅ›
  • ์„œ์šธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
    • [seo-u-re gan gi-me chin-gu-reul man-na-sseo-yo]
      Since I went to Seoul, I took the chance to meet a friend. ๐Ÿ™๏ธ
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
    • [ma-ri na-on gi-me ji-geum jeong-ni-hap-si-da]
      Since the topic came up, letโ€™s organize it now. ๐Ÿ’ฌ
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This grammar is practical Korean: errands, chores, meetings, travel, conversations, and โ€œwhile weโ€™re already here...โ€ moments.

๐Ÿง  What Is ๊น€ Doing?

๊น€ packages an action as an occasion or chance.
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Tiny map:
  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค = to go
  • ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— = while going / since youโ€™re going anyway
  • ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— = since you went / since you already went
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Common chunks:
  • ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while going / since youโ€™re going anyway
  • ์˜จ ๊น€์— โ€” since you came
  • ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— โ€” since you went
  • ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while buying / since youโ€™re buying
  • ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while cleaning / since youโ€™re cleaning anyway
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— โ€” since the topic came up

๐Ÿงฉ Formation Rules

1. Action currently planned/ongoing: verb stem + -๋Š” ๊น€์—

Use this when A is happening, about to happen, or planned.
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  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” since youโ€™re going anyway
  • ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” since youโ€™re coming anyway
  • ์‚ฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while buying / since buying anyway
  • ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while cleaning
  • ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while calling / since youโ€™re calling anyway
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2. Already completed action: verb stem + -(์œผ)ใ„ด ๊น€์—

Use this when A already happened and became an opportunity.
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  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— โ€” since I went
  • ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์˜จ ๊น€์— โ€” since I came
  • ๋จน๋‹ค โ†’ ๋จน์€ ๊น€์— โ€” since I ate
  • ๋“ฃ๋‹ค โ†’ ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์— โ€” since I heard
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์— โ€” since I made it
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3. ใ„น-ending stems before -(์œผ)ใ„ด ๊น€์—

ใ„น drops before ใ„ด.
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—
  • ์‚ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ฐ ๊น€์—
  • ์—ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์—ฐ ๊น€์—
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4. Fixed phrase: ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์—

This means since the topic came up / speaking of which.
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
    • Since the topic came up, letโ€™s talk about this too.
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5. Noun-like situation + ์ธ ๊น€์—

Less common, but possible when the first part is a noun/state.
  • ์ฃผ๋ง์ธ ๊น€์— ํ‘น ์‰ฌ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • Since it was the weekend anyway, I rested well.
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For this lesson, focus on action verbs: ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—, ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—, ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—, ํ•œ ๊น€์—.

๐Ÿ› ๏ธ How It Works in Sentences

Errands

  • ํŽธ์˜์ ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋ฌผ๋„ ์‚ฌ ์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”.
    • Since Iโ€™m going to the convenience store anyway, Iโ€™ll buy water too. ๐Ÿ’ง
  • ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋นต๋„ ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
    • While buying milk, please buy bread too. ๐Ÿž
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Chores

  • ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ์ฑ…์ƒ๋„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • While cleaning the room, I organized the desk too. ๐Ÿงน
  • ์„ค๊ฑฐ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋ƒ„๋น„๋„ ๋‹ฆ์•˜์–ด์š”.
    • While washing dishes, I cleaned the pot too. ๐Ÿณ
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Travel / visits

  • ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋„ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
    • Since I went to Busan, I also saw the sea. ๐ŸŒŠ
  • ์นœ๊ตฌ ์ง‘์— ์˜จ ๊น€์— ๊ฐ™์ด ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • Since I came to my friendโ€™s house, we ate dinner together. ๐Ÿ 
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Conversation / meeting

  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
    • Since the topic came up, letโ€™s decide now. โœ…
  • ํšŒ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ์ •๋„ ์ •ํ•ด์š”.
    • While weโ€™re having a meeting, letโ€™s set the next schedule too. ๐Ÿ“…

๐Ÿ” Meaning Contrast

-(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์—

Focus: taking an opportunity because A is already happening or already happened.
  • ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ๊ณผ์ผ๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.
    • Since I went to the mart, I bought fruit too.
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-๋Š” ๊ธธ์—

Focus: on the way / during a route.
  • ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.
    • I bought coffee on the way home.
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-๋ฉด์„œ

Focus: doing two actions at the same time.
  • ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • I walked while listening to music.
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-๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ

Focus: during the time period.
  • ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • I read a book while waiting.
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-(์œผ)ใ„น ๊ธฐํšŒ

Focus: a chance/opportunity to do something.
  • ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
    • I had a chance to speak Korean.
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Shortcut:
  • since already doing / might as well โ†’ ๊น€์—
  • on the way โ†’ ๊ธธ์—
  • two actions at once โ†’ -๋ฉด์„œ
  • during a period โ†’ ๋™์•ˆ
  • opportunity noun โ†’ ๊ธฐํšŒ

๐Ÿ“š Cross-check note


๐Ÿชž Synonym & Usage Alert

Possible English translations:
  • while Iโ€™m at it
  • since Iโ€™m already doing it
  • since I already did it
  • while doing
  • taking the opportunity to
  • since the topic came up
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Useful chunks:
  • ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while going / since youโ€™re going
  • ์˜จ ๊น€์— โ€” since you came
  • ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— โ€” since you went
  • ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while buying
  • ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” while doing
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— โ€” since the topic came up / speaking of which
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Tone note:
  • ๊น€์— is common and practical.
  • It often makes the second action feel efficient, convenient, or opportunistic.

โš ๏ธ Pitfalls to Dodge

  • โŒ ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์— ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š” when you mean โ€œsince I went to the mart anywayโ€ โ†’ โœ… ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.
  • โŒ ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— for a past trip already completed โ†’ โœ… often ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—.
  • โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์— โ†’ โœ… ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—. ใ„น drops before ใ„ด.
  • โŒ Using ๊น€์— when there is no โ€œwhile already at itโ€ opportunity โ†’ โœ… use a direct reason or time expression instead.
  • โš ๏ธ ๊น€์— is not just โ€œbecause.โ€ It means A is an occasion/opportunity for B.

You now have the โ€œwhile weโ€™re at itโ€ tool: ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—, ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—, ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์—, ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์—. Opportunity-add-on Korean unlocked. ๐Ÿ›’โœจ
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Try this exercise

Instructions: Complete each blank with the correct -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์— form.
1. ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ์š”.
Answer
๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— โ€” Since Iโ€™m going to the mart anyway, Iโ€™ll buy milk too.
2. ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ์„œ์šธ์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— โ€” Since I went to Seoul, I met a friend too.
3. ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐฅ ๋จน์–ด์š”.
Answer
์˜จ ๊น€์—.
4. ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฑ…์ƒ๋„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
Answer
์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—.
5. ์‚ฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋นต๋„ ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
Answer
์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์—.
6. ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
Answer
๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—.
7. Choose: โ€œon the way homeโ€
โ‘  ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์— / โ‘ก ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—
Answer
โ‘  ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—.
8. Choose: โ€œsince I went to the mart anywayโ€
โ‘  ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— / โ‘ก ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
Answer
โ‘  ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—.
9. Fix: โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—
Answer
๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—.
10. Translate: โ€œSince the topic came up, letโ€™s decide now.โ€
Answer
๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
๐Ÿ“š
Vocabulary Box
  • ๊น€์— โ†’ on the occasion of / while at it
  • ๋งˆํŠธ โ†’ mart
  • ์šฐ์œ  โ†’ milk
  • ์„œ์šธ โ†’ Seoul
  • ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to clean
  • ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to organize
  • ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to decide
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ a topic comes up
Tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๊น€์— usually adds an extra action to an already-existing action.

๐Ÿš€
Want more reps? The Practice Hub below trains errands, chores, past opportunities, and contrasts with ๊ธธ์—, ๋™์•ˆ, and -๋ฉด์„œ.
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๐Ÿ“ฆ
๐ŸŽฏ Practice Hub โ€” Adding to the state: -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์—
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Welcome to the โ€œwhile weโ€™re at itโ€ lab. ๐Ÿ›’ Youโ€™ll practice using an existing action as a chance to add one more useful action: errands, visits, chores, meetings, and conversations.
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๐Ÿ”Š Audio reminder: Use
Korean Helper Widgets
Korean Helper Widgets
to hear each completed sentence aloud.
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Exercise 1 โ€” Build the ๊น€์— Phrase ๐Ÿ”ง

A. ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (while going / since going)
Answer
๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—
B. ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since went)
Answer
๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—
C. ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since came)
Answer
์˜จ ๊น€์—
D. ์‚ฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (while buying)
Answer
์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์—
E. ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—
F. ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ
Answer
์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—
G. ๋จน๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since ate)
Answer
๋จน์€ ๊น€์—
H. ๋“ฃ๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since heard)
Answer
๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—
I. ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since made)
Answer
๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—
J. ์—ด๋‹ค โ†’ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ (since opened)
Answer
์—ฐ ๊น€์—
๐Ÿ”ง
Form Box
  • planned/ongoing action โ†’ -๋Š” ๊น€์—
  • completed action โ†’ -(์œผ)ใ„ด ๊น€์—
  • ใ„น stem + ใ„ด โ†’ drop ใ„น: ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—, ์—ฐ ๊น€์—
Memory tip ๐Ÿ’ก ๊น€์— = โ€œsince the occasion is already here...โ€
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Exercise 2 โ€” Errands and โ€œMight as Wellโ€ ๐Ÿ›’

A. ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy fruit too
Answer
๊ณผ์ผ๋„ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ์š”.
B. ํŽธ์˜์ ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy water too
Answer
๋ฌผ๋„ ์‚ฌ ์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”.
C. ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy bread too
Answer
๋นต๋„ ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
D. ์€ํ–‰์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: check balance too
Answer
์ž”์•ก๋„ ํ™•์ธํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
E. ์•ฝ๊ตญ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy medicine too
Answer
์•ฝ๋„ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ์š”.
F. ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy mine too
Answer
์ œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
G. ์ฑ…์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: buy a notebook too
Answer
๊ณต์ฑ…๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”.
H. ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: print this too
Answer
์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ”„๋ฆฐํŠธํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
I. ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: order dessert too
Answer
๋””์ €ํŠธ๋„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
J. ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ.
Use: throw away the trash too
Answer
์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ๋ฒ„๋ ค ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
๐Ÿ›’
Errand words
  • ๋งˆํŠธ โ†’ mart
  • ํŽธ์˜์  โ†’ convenience store
  • ์€ํ–‰ โ†’ bank
  • ์•ฝ๊ตญ โ†’ pharmacy
  • ์ž”์•ก โ†’ balance
  • ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to check
  • ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ to order
  • ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋‹ค โ†’ to throw away
ย 

Exercise 3 โ€” Since It Already Happened โœ…

A. ์„œ์šธ์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. (went)
Answer
๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—.
B. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์— ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋„ ๋ดค์–ด์š”. (went)
Answer
๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—.
C. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ฐ์–ด์š”. (came)
Answer
์˜จ ๊น€์—.
D. ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”. (made)
Answer
๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—.
E. ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‹ต๋„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (solved)
Answer
ํ‘ผ ๊น€์—.
F. ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋„ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (heard)
Answer
๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—.
G. ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ™˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (opened)
Answer
์—ฐ ๊น€์—.
H. ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ์ •๋„ ์ •ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (did/held)
Answer
ํ•œ ๊น€์—.
I. ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋„ ์คฌ์–ด์š”. (met)
Answer
๋งŒ๋‚œ ๊น€์—.
J. ์ƒˆ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋„ ์„ค์น˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. (bought)
Answer
์‚ฐ ๊น€์—.
โœ…
Completed-action words
  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—
  • ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์˜จ ๊น€์—
  • ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ•œ ๊น€์—
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—
  • ๋“ฃ๋‹ค โ†’ ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—
  • ์—ด๋‹ค โ†’ ์—ฐ ๊น€์—
  • ์‚ฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ฐ ๊น€์—
ย 

Exercise 4 โ€” Choose the Best Connector ๐Ÿงญ

A. โ€œSince I went to the mart anyway, I bought fruit too.โ€
โ‘  ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— / โ‘ก ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
Answer
โ‘ . It focuses on using the trip as an opportunity.
B. โ€œI bought coffee on the way home.โ€
โ‘  ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์— / โ‘ก ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—
Answer
โ‘ . It focuses on the route.
C. โ€œI walked while listening to music.โ€
โ‘  ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด์„œ / โ‘ก ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—
Answer
โ‘  for simultaneous actions.
D. โ€œSince the topic came up, letโ€™s discuss it.โ€
โ‘  ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— / โ‘ก ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
Answer
โ‘ .
E. โ€œDuring vacation, I studied Korean.โ€
โ‘  ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ / โ‘ก ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๊น€์—
Answer
โ‘ .
F. โ€œSince Iโ€™m already calling, Iโ€™ll ask too.โ€
โ‘  ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— / โ‘ก ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
Answer
โ‘ .
G. โ€œA call came during class.โ€
โ‘  ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘์— / โ‘ก ์ˆ˜์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—
Answer
โ‘ .
H. โ€œSince weโ€™re meeting anyway, letโ€™s eat too.โ€
โ‘  ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ๋ฐฅ๋„ ๋จน์–ด์š” / โ‘ก ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐฅ๋„ ๋จน์–ด์š”
Answer
โ‘ .
I. โ€œI had a chance to speak Korean.โ€
โ‘  ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š” / โ‘ก ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ ๊น€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”
Answer
โ‘ .
J. โ€œSince I bought a computer, I also bought a keyboard.โ€
โ‘  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ ๊น€์— ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ๋„ ์ƒ€์–ด์š” / โ‘ก ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ์˜€์–ด์š”
Answer
โ‘ .
๐Ÿงญ
Decision Box
  • opportunity / while at it โ†’ ๊น€์—
  • physical route โ†’ ๊ธธ์—
  • simultaneous action โ†’ -๋ฉด์„œ
  • duration โ†’ ๋™์•ˆ
  • chance noun โ†’ ๊ธฐํšŒ
  • general during โ†’ ์ค‘์—
ย 

Exercise 5 โ€” Mixed Translation + Pitfall Patrol ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

A. Translate: โ€œSince Iโ€™m going to the mart anyway, Iโ€™ll buy milk too.โ€
Answer
๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ์šฐ์œ ๋„ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ์š”.
B. Translate: โ€œSince I went to Seoul, I met a friend too.โ€
Answer
์„œ์šธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
C. Translate: โ€œSince the topic came up, letโ€™s decide now.โ€
Answer
๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
D. Translate: โ€œWhile cleaning the room, I organized the desk too.โ€
Answer
๋ฐฉ์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ์ฑ…์ƒ๋„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
E. Translate: โ€œSince youโ€™re ordering, please order mine too.โ€
Answer
์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— ์ œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
F. Fix: โŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์€ ๊น€์—
Answer
๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—.
G. Fix: โŒ ์„œ์šธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š” (past completed trip)
Answer
์„œ์šธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
H. Choose the route phrase: ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์— / ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—
Answer
์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—.
I. Choose the opportunity phrase: ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์— / ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
Answer
๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—.
J. What does ๊น€์— add to the sentence?
Answer
It shows that the first action or situation becomes an opportunity/occasion to do the second action.
๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ
Final Check
  • ๊ฐ€๋‹ค โ†’ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์— / ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—
  • ์˜ค๋‹ค โ†’ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊น€์— / ์˜จ ๊น€์—
  • ์‚ฌ๋‹ค โ†’ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊น€์— / ์‚ฐ ๊น€์—
  • ํ•˜๋‹ค โ†’ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์— / ํ•œ ๊น€์—
  • ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค โ†’ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊น€์—
  • ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์— โ†’ since the topic came up
Final Boss Rule ๐Ÿ’ก ๊น€์— is not plain โ€œbecause.โ€ It means โ€œsince this occasion is already here, letโ€™s add/use it.โ€
ย 
๐ŸŽ‰ Practice complete. You can now use -(์œผ)ใ„ด/๋Š” ๊น€์— to sound efficient and natural: ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊น€์—, ๊ฐ„ ๊น€์—, ํ•˜๋Š” ๊น€์—, and ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊น€์—. โ€œWhile weโ€™re at itโ€ Korean unlocked. ๐Ÿ›’โœจ